This study aimed at investigating the eVect of
prolonged adaptation to fat- or carbohydrate-rich diet on
muscle ceramide in type 2 diabetes patients, using a longitudinal
crossover study. Eleven type 2 diabetes patients
consumed isocaloric fat- or carbohydrate-rich diet for
3 weeks in random order. After each dietary intervention
period, muscle glycogen, triacylglycerol and ceramide content
and plasma concentrations of insulin, adiponectin, glucose
and FFA were determined. Insulin resistance was
assessed by HOMA2 calculation. After the dietary period,
plasma glucose and insulin, insulin sensitivity, muscle glycogen,
triacylglycerol and ceramide content were similar.
Plasma adiponectin concentration was signiWcantly higher
after fat compared with carbohydrate-rich diet. Results
indicated that following fat-rich diet intake muscle ceramide
and triacylglycerol concentrations were not diVerent
compared with that after carbohydrate-rich diet. Furthermore,
plasma adiponectin concentration was higher after
fat-rich compared with carbohydrate-rich diet, but insulin
sensitivity remained similar despite the major diVerence in
dietary macronutrient composition.