TY - JOUR

T1 - Muscle-Saturated Bioactive Lipids Are Increased with Aging and Influenced by High-Intensity Interval Training

AU - Søgaard, Ditte

AU - Baranowski, Marcin

AU - Larsen, Steen

AU - Taulo Lund, Michael

AU - Munk Scheuer, Cathrine

AU - Vestergaard Abildskov, Carina

AU - Greve Dideriksen, Sofie

AU - Dela, Flemming

AU - Wulff Helge, Jørn

PY - 2019

Y1 - 2019

N2 - Ceramide and diacylglycerol are linked to insulin resistance in rodents, but in humans the data are inconsistent. Insulin resistance is frequently observed with aging, but the role of ceramide and diacylglycerol is not clarified. Training improves metabolic health and, therefore, we aimed to elucidate the influence of age and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on ceramide and diacylglycerol content in muscle. Fourteen young (33 ± 1) and 22 older (63 ± 1) overweight to obese subjects performed 6 weeks HIIT three times a week. Maximal oxygen uptake and body composition were measured and muscle biopsies and fasting blood samples were obtained. Muscle ceramide and diacylglycerol were measured by gas-liquid chromatography and proteins in insulin signaling, lipid and glucose metabolism were measured by Western blotting. Content of ceramide and diacylglycerol total, saturated, C16:0 and C18:0 fatty acids and C18:1 ceramide were higher in older compared to young. HIIT reduced saturated and C18:0 ceramides, while the content of the proteins involved in glucose (GLUT4, glycogen synthase, hexokinase II, AKT) and lipid metabolism (adipose triglyceride lipase, fatty acid binding protein) were increased after HIIT. We demonstrate a higher content of saturated ceramide and diacylglycerol fatty acids in the muscle of older subjects compared to young. Moreover, the content of saturated ceramides was reduced and muscle glucose metabolism improved at protein level after HIIT. This study highlights an increased content of saturated ceramides in aging which could be speculated to influence insulin sensitivity.

AB - Ceramide and diacylglycerol are linked to insulin resistance in rodents, but in humans the data are inconsistent. Insulin resistance is frequently observed with aging, but the role of ceramide and diacylglycerol is not clarified. Training improves metabolic health and, therefore, we aimed to elucidate the influence of age and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on ceramide and diacylglycerol content in muscle. Fourteen young (33 ± 1) and 22 older (63 ± 1) overweight to obese subjects performed 6 weeks HIIT three times a week. Maximal oxygen uptake and body composition were measured and muscle biopsies and fasting blood samples were obtained. Muscle ceramide and diacylglycerol were measured by gas-liquid chromatography and proteins in insulin signaling, lipid and glucose metabolism were measured by Western blotting. Content of ceramide and diacylglycerol total, saturated, C16:0 and C18:0 fatty acids and C18:1 ceramide were higher in older compared to young. HIIT reduced saturated and C18:0 ceramides, while the content of the proteins involved in glucose (GLUT4, glycogen synthase, hexokinase II, AKT) and lipid metabolism (adipose triglyceride lipase, fatty acid binding protein) were increased after HIIT. We demonstrate a higher content of saturated ceramide and diacylglycerol fatty acids in the muscle of older subjects compared to young. Moreover, the content of saturated ceramides was reduced and muscle glucose metabolism improved at protein level after HIIT. This study highlights an increased content of saturated ceramides in aging which could be speculated to influence insulin sensitivity.

KW - Adult

KW - Aging/metabolism

KW - Blood Glucose/metabolism

KW - Ceramides/metabolism

KW - Diglycerides/metabolism

KW - Exercise/physiology

KW - Fatty Acids/metabolism

KW - Female

KW - Glucose/metabolism

KW - High-Intensity Interval Training/methods

KW - Humans

KW - Insulin/metabolism

KW - Insulin Resistance/physiology

KW - Lipid Metabolism/physiology

KW - Lipids/physiology

KW - Male

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism

KW - Obesity/metabolism

KW - Overweight/metabolism

U2 - 10.3390/ijms20051240

DO - 10.3390/ijms20051240

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 30871020

VL - 20

JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences (Online)

JF - International Journal of Molecular Sciences (Online)

SN - 1661-6596

IS - 5

M1 - 1240

ER -