TY - JOUR

T1 - Normal age- and sex-based values of right ventricular free wall and four-chamber longitudinal strain by speckle-tracking echocardiography

T2 - from the Copenhagen City heart study

AU - Espersen, Caroline

AU - Skaarup, Kristoffer Grundtvig

AU - Lassen, Mats Christian Højbjerg

AU - Johansen, Niklas Dyrby

AU - Hauser, Raphael

AU - Olsen, Flemming Javier

AU - Jensen, Gorm Boje

AU - Schnohr, Peter

AU - Møgelvang, Rasmus

AU - Biering-Sørensen, Tor

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023, The Author(s).

PY - 2024

Y1 - 2024

N2 - Aim: To promote the implementation of right ventricular (RV) longitudinal strain in clinical practice, we sought to propose normal values for RV free wall (RVFWLS) and four-chamber longitudinal strain (RV4CLS) and investigate the association with clinical and echocardiographic parameters in participants from the general population. Methods and Results: Participants from the 5th Copenhagen City Heart Study (2011–2015)—a prospective cohort study—with available RV longitudinal strain measurements were included. RVFWLS and RV4CLS were assessed using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography. In total, 2951 participants were included. Amongst 1297 participants without cardiovascular disease or risk factors (median age 44, 63% female), mean values of RVFWLS and RV4CLS were − 26.7% ± 5.2 (95% prediction interval (PI) − 36.9, − 16.5) and − 21.7% ± 3.4 (95%PI − 28.4, − 15.0), respectively. Women had significantly higher absolute values of RVFWLS and RV4CLS than men (mean − 27.5 ± 5.5 vs. − 25.4 ± 4.5, p < 0.001 and − 22.3 ± 3.5 vs. − 20.6 ± 3.0, p < 0.001, respectively). Absolute values of RVFWLS but not RV4CLS decreased significantly with increasing age in unadjusted linear regression. Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, RV s’ and left ventricular global longitudinal strain were the most influential parameters associated with both RVFWLS and RV4CLS in multiple linear regression. Participants with cardiovascular disease (n = 1531) had a higher proportion of abnormal values of RVFWLS and RV4CLS compared to the healthy population (8% vs. 4%, p < 0.001 and 8% vs. 3%, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: This study proposed normal age- and sex-based values of RVFWLS and RV4CLS in a healthy population sample and showed significant sex differences in both measurements across ages. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].

AB - Aim: To promote the implementation of right ventricular (RV) longitudinal strain in clinical practice, we sought to propose normal values for RV free wall (RVFWLS) and four-chamber longitudinal strain (RV4CLS) and investigate the association with clinical and echocardiographic parameters in participants from the general population. Methods and Results: Participants from the 5th Copenhagen City Heart Study (2011–2015)—a prospective cohort study—with available RV longitudinal strain measurements were included. RVFWLS and RV4CLS were assessed using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography. In total, 2951 participants were included. Amongst 1297 participants without cardiovascular disease or risk factors (median age 44, 63% female), mean values of RVFWLS and RV4CLS were − 26.7% ± 5.2 (95% prediction interval (PI) − 36.9, − 16.5) and − 21.7% ± 3.4 (95%PI − 28.4, − 15.0), respectively. Women had significantly higher absolute values of RVFWLS and RV4CLS than men (mean − 27.5 ± 5.5 vs. − 25.4 ± 4.5, p < 0.001 and − 22.3 ± 3.5 vs. − 20.6 ± 3.0, p < 0.001, respectively). Absolute values of RVFWLS but not RV4CLS decreased significantly with increasing age in unadjusted linear regression. Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, RV s’ and left ventricular global longitudinal strain were the most influential parameters associated with both RVFWLS and RV4CLS in multiple linear regression. Participants with cardiovascular disease (n = 1531) had a higher proportion of abnormal values of RVFWLS and RV4CLS compared to the healthy population (8% vs. 4%, p < 0.001 and 8% vs. 3%, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: This study proposed normal age- and sex-based values of RVFWLS and RV4CLS in a healthy population sample and showed significant sex differences in both measurements across ages. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].

KW - General population

KW - Normal values

KW - Right ventricular longitudinal strain

KW - Speckle-tracking echocardiography

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85176770514&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/s00392-023-02333-x

DO - 10.1007/s00392-023-02333-x

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 37968333

AN - SCOPUS:85176770514

JO - Clinical Research in Cardiology

JF - Clinical Research in Cardiology

SN - 1861-0684

ER -