This article examines the consequences of farmer-herder conflict and the processes underlying how authority is sourced, maintained, and lost. It illustrates that farmer-herder conflicts are an important source of authority in rural Ghana. Yet, authority does not result from farmers hopping from one institution to another to authorize claims but rather through intense resistance from emerging social movements (farmers) against institutions. We show how the authority of institutions with rational-legal and traditional authority to grant property rights and mediate conflicts is being reconfigured by social movements. This is threatening state-building, raising serious concerns over governance and the direction of states.