Feeding an elemental diet vs a milk-based formula does not decrease intestinal mucosal growth in infant pigs
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Feeding an elemental diet vs a milk-based formula does not decrease intestinal mucosal growth in infant pigs. / Stoll, Barbara; Price, Pamela T; Reeds, Peter J; Chang, Xiaoyan; Henry, Josef F; van Goudoever, Johannes B; Holst, Jens Juul; Burrin, Douglas G.
I: Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Bind 30, Nr. 1, 03.01.2006, s. 32-9.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Feeding an elemental diet vs a milk-based formula does not decrease intestinal mucosal growth in infant pigs
AU - Stoll, Barbara
AU - Price, Pamela T
AU - Reeds, Peter J
AU - Chang, Xiaoyan
AU - Henry, Josef F
AU - van Goudoever, Johannes B
AU - Holst, Jens Juul
AU - Burrin, Douglas G
PY - 2006/1/3
Y1 - 2006/1/3
N2 - BACKGROUND: We previously showed that the level of enteral nutrient intake determines the rate of intestinal growth in piglets. Our objective was to determine whether providing enteral nutrition in the form of elemental nutrients (glucose, amino acids, lipid [ED]) rather than cow's milk formula (lactose, protein, lipid [FORM]) reduces small intestinal growth and lactase activity.METHODS: Three-week-old piglets were fed either ED (n = 7) intragastrically or FORM (n = 6) orally for 6 days.RESULTS: Intestinal protein and DNA masses, villus height, and crypt depth were not different in ED and FORM pigs. Crypt cell proliferation, measured by in vivo bromodeoxyuridine labeling, was significantly (p < .05) higher (+37%) in ED than in FORM pigs. Rates of mucosal protein synthesis (%/d), measured by in vivo 2H-leucine incorporation, were higher (p < .05) in ED than FORM (147 vs 89) pigs. Circulating concentrations (pmol/L) of the intestinotrophic peptide, glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), were also higher (p < .05) in ED than in FORM (148 vs 87) pigs. The mean lactase-specific activity (micromol/min/g) in proximal and distal segments was higher (p < .05) in FORM than in ED (124 vs 58) pigs.CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that intestinal mucosal growth and villus morphology are similar in pigs fed ED and FORM, despite higher cell proliferation and protein synthesis rates and lower lactase activity with ED. This implies that elemental diets may be as trophic as polymeric formulas to simultaneously provide nutrition and a stimulus for intestinal growth during bowel rest.
AB - BACKGROUND: We previously showed that the level of enteral nutrient intake determines the rate of intestinal growth in piglets. Our objective was to determine whether providing enteral nutrition in the form of elemental nutrients (glucose, amino acids, lipid [ED]) rather than cow's milk formula (lactose, protein, lipid [FORM]) reduces small intestinal growth and lactase activity.METHODS: Three-week-old piglets were fed either ED (n = 7) intragastrically or FORM (n = 6) orally for 6 days.RESULTS: Intestinal protein and DNA masses, villus height, and crypt depth were not different in ED and FORM pigs. Crypt cell proliferation, measured by in vivo bromodeoxyuridine labeling, was significantly (p < .05) higher (+37%) in ED than in FORM pigs. Rates of mucosal protein synthesis (%/d), measured by in vivo 2H-leucine incorporation, were higher (p < .05) in ED than FORM (147 vs 89) pigs. Circulating concentrations (pmol/L) of the intestinotrophic peptide, glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), were also higher (p < .05) in ED than in FORM (148 vs 87) pigs. The mean lactase-specific activity (micromol/min/g) in proximal and distal segments was higher (p < .05) in FORM than in ED (124 vs 58) pigs.CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that intestinal mucosal growth and villus morphology are similar in pigs fed ED and FORM, despite higher cell proliferation and protein synthesis rates and lower lactase activity with ED. This implies that elemental diets may be as trophic as polymeric formulas to simultaneously provide nutrition and a stimulus for intestinal growth during bowel rest.
KW - Animals
KW - Animals, Newborn
KW - Cell Division
KW - Enteral Nutrition
KW - Female
KW - Food, Formulated
KW - Glucagon-Like Peptide 2
KW - Glucagon-Like Peptides
KW - Intestinal Mucosa
KW - Lactase
KW - Organ Size
KW - Protein Biosynthesis
KW - Random Allocation
KW - Swine
KW - Weight Gain
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 16387897
VL - 30
SP - 32
EP - 39
JO - Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
JF - Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
SN - 0148-6071
IS - 1
ER -
ID: 132053334