COVID-19 vaccination and relapse activity: A nationwide cohort study of patients with multiple sclerosis in Denmark
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We evaluated whether there was a difference in the occurrence of relapses pre- and post-COVID-19 vaccination in a nationwide cohort of Danish patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis.
Methods
We conducted a population-based, nationwide cohort study with a cutoff date of 1 October 2022. We used McNemar tests to assess changes in the proportion of patients with recorded relapses within 90 days and 180 days before and after first vaccine dose, and a negative binomial regression model to compare the 90 and 180 days postvaccination annualized relapse rate (ARR) to the 360 days prevaccination ARR. Multivariate Cox regression was used to estimate relapse risk factors.
Results
We identified 8169 vaccinated (87.3% Comirnaty) patients without a recorded history of a positive COVID-19 test. We did not find statistically significant changes in the proportion of patients with relapses in the 90 days (1.3% vs. 1.4% of patients, p = 0.627) and 180 days (2.7% vs. 2.6% of patients, p = 0.918) pre- and postvaccination. Also, a comparison of the ARR 360 days before (0.064, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.058–0.070) with the ARR 90 (0.057, 95% CI = 0.047–0.069, p = 0.285) and 180 (0.055, 95% CI = 0.048–0.063, p = 0.060) days after vaccination did not show statistically significant differences. Lower age, higher Expanded Disability Status Scale score, and relapse within 360 days before vaccination were associated with a higher risk of relapse.
Conclusions
We did not find evidence of increased relapse activity following the administration of the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine.
Originalsprog | Engelsk |
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Artikelnummer | e16163 |
Tidsskrift | European Journal of Neurology |
Vol/bind | 31 |
Udgave nummer | 3 |
Antal sider | 8 |
ISSN | 1351-5101 |
DOI | |
Status | Udgivet - 2024 |
Bibliografisk note
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Czech Ministry of Health, the institutional support of the hospital research (MH CZ‐DRO‐VFN64165), the Czech Health Research Council grant (AZV NU22‐A‐150), the Charles University Cooperation Program in Neuroscience, and the National Institute for Neurological Research project funded by the European Union—Next Generation EU (Programme EXCELES, ID Project No. LX22NPO5107).
Funding Information:
Many thanks to all colleagues from the DMSR for their warm welcome, introduction to the issue of Danish registers, and their willingness and time for discussions and essential ideas and advice. Special acknowledgements are also due Eliza Varju for language editing.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors. European Journal of Neurology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Academy of Neurology.
ID: 383704677