Interaction Between Dietary Iron Intake and Genetically Determined Iron Overload: Risk of Islet Autoimmunity and Progression to Type 1 Diabetes in the TEDDY Study
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OBJECTIVE
To examine whether iron intake and genetically determined iron overload interact in predisposing to the development of childhood islet autoimmunity (IA) and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study, 7,770 genetically high-risk children were followed from birth until the development of IA and progression to T1D. Exposures included energy-adjusted iron intake in the first 3 years of life and a genetic risk score (GRS) for increased circulating iron.
RESULTS
We found a U-shaped association between iron intake and risk of GAD antibody as the first autoantibody. In children with GRS ≥2 iron risk alleles, high iron intake was associated with an increased risk of IA, with insulin as first autoantibody (adjusted hazard ratio 1.71 [95% CI 1.14; 2.58]) compared with moderate iron intake.
CONCLUSIONS
Iron intake may alter the risk of IA in children with high-risk HLA haplogenotypes.
To examine whether iron intake and genetically determined iron overload interact in predisposing to the development of childhood islet autoimmunity (IA) and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study, 7,770 genetically high-risk children were followed from birth until the development of IA and progression to T1D. Exposures included energy-adjusted iron intake in the first 3 years of life and a genetic risk score (GRS) for increased circulating iron.
RESULTS
We found a U-shaped association between iron intake and risk of GAD antibody as the first autoantibody. In children with GRS ≥2 iron risk alleles, high iron intake was associated with an increased risk of IA, with insulin as first autoantibody (adjusted hazard ratio 1.71 [95% CI 1.14; 2.58]) compared with moderate iron intake.
CONCLUSIONS
Iron intake may alter the risk of IA in children with high-risk HLA haplogenotypes.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal | Diabetes Care |
| Volume | 46 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| Pages (from-to) | 1-5 |
| ISSN | 1935-5548 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2023 |
ID: 338435236