Nationwide Utilization of Danish Government Electronic letter system for increasing inFLUenza vaccine uptake (NUDGE-FLU): Study protocol for a nationwide randomized implementation trial
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Nationwide Utilization of Danish Government Electronic letter system for increasing inFLUenza vaccine uptake (NUDGE-FLU) : Study protocol for a nationwide randomized implementation trial. / Johansen, Niklas Dyrby; Vaduganathan, Muthiah; Bhatt, Ankeet S.; Lee, Simin Gharib; Modin, Daniel; Claggett, Brian L.; Dueger, Erica L.; Samson, Sandrine; Loiacono, Matthew M.; Køber, Lars; Solomon, Scott D.; Sivapalan, Pradeesh; Jensen, Jens Ulrik Stæhr; Valentiner-Branth, Palle; Krause, Tyra Grove; Biering-Sørensen, Tor.
In: American Heart Journal, Vol. 260, 2023, p. 58-71.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Nationwide Utilization of Danish Government Electronic letter system for increasing inFLUenza vaccine uptake (NUDGE-FLU)
T2 - Study protocol for a nationwide randomized implementation trial
AU - Johansen, Niklas Dyrby
AU - Vaduganathan, Muthiah
AU - Bhatt, Ankeet S.
AU - Lee, Simin Gharib
AU - Modin, Daniel
AU - Claggett, Brian L.
AU - Dueger, Erica L.
AU - Samson, Sandrine
AU - Loiacono, Matthew M.
AU - Køber, Lars
AU - Solomon, Scott D.
AU - Sivapalan, Pradeesh
AU - Jensen, Jens Ulrik Stæhr
AU - Valentiner-Branth, Palle
AU - Krause, Tyra Grove
AU - Biering-Sørensen, Tor
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s)
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Background: Annual influenza vaccination is widely recommended in older adults and other high-risk groups including patients with cardiovascular disease. The real-world effectiveness of influenza vaccination is limited by suboptimal uptake and effective strategies for increasing vaccination rates are therefore needed. The purpose of this trial is to investigate whether behavioral nudges digitally delivered via the Danish nationwide mandatory governmental electronic letter system can increase influenza vaccination uptake among older adults. Methods: The NUDGE-FLU trial is a randomized implementation trial randomizing all Danish citizens aged 65 years and above without an exemption from the Danish mandatory governmental electronic letter system to receive no digitally delivered behavioral nudge (usual care arm) or to receive one of 9 electronic letters (intervention arms) each leveraging different behavioral science strategies. The trial has randomized 964,870 participants with randomization clustered at the household level (n = 691,820 households). Intervention letters were delivered on September 16, 2022, and follow-up is currently ongoing. All trial data are captured using the nationwide Danish administrative health registries. The primary end point is the receipt of an influenza vaccine on or before January 1, 2023. The secondary end point is time to vaccination. Exploratory end points include clinical events such as hospitalization for influenza or pneumonia, cardiovascular events, all-cause hospitalization, and all-cause mortality. Discussion: The nationwide randomized NUDGE-FLU trial is one of the largest implementation trials ever conducted and will provide important insights into effective communication strategies to maximize vaccination uptake among high-risk groups. Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT05542004, registered September 15, 2022, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05542004.
AB - Background: Annual influenza vaccination is widely recommended in older adults and other high-risk groups including patients with cardiovascular disease. The real-world effectiveness of influenza vaccination is limited by suboptimal uptake and effective strategies for increasing vaccination rates are therefore needed. The purpose of this trial is to investigate whether behavioral nudges digitally delivered via the Danish nationwide mandatory governmental electronic letter system can increase influenza vaccination uptake among older adults. Methods: The NUDGE-FLU trial is a randomized implementation trial randomizing all Danish citizens aged 65 years and above without an exemption from the Danish mandatory governmental electronic letter system to receive no digitally delivered behavioral nudge (usual care arm) or to receive one of 9 electronic letters (intervention arms) each leveraging different behavioral science strategies. The trial has randomized 964,870 participants with randomization clustered at the household level (n = 691,820 households). Intervention letters were delivered on September 16, 2022, and follow-up is currently ongoing. All trial data are captured using the nationwide Danish administrative health registries. The primary end point is the receipt of an influenza vaccine on or before January 1, 2023. The secondary end point is time to vaccination. Exploratory end points include clinical events such as hospitalization for influenza or pneumonia, cardiovascular events, all-cause hospitalization, and all-cause mortality. Discussion: The nationwide randomized NUDGE-FLU trial is one of the largest implementation trials ever conducted and will provide important insights into effective communication strategies to maximize vaccination uptake among high-risk groups. Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT05542004, registered September 15, 2022, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05542004.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85150420267&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ahj.2023.02.009
DO - 10.1016/j.ahj.2023.02.009
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 36801265
AN - SCOPUS:85150420267
VL - 260
SP - 58
EP - 71
JO - American Heart Journal
JF - American Heart Journal
SN - 0002-8703
ER -
ID: 342970902