Lung damage in mice after inhalation of nanofilm spray products: the role of perfluorination and free hydroxyl groups
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Lung damage in mice after inhalation of nanofilm spray products: the role of perfluorination and free hydroxyl groups. / Nørgaard, Asger W; Larsen, Søren T.; Hammer, Maria; Poulsen, Steen Seier; Jensen, Keld A; Nielsen, Gunnar D; Wolkoff, Peder.
In: Toxicological Sciences, Vol. 116, No. 1, 01.07.2010, p. 216-24.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Lung damage in mice after inhalation of nanofilm spray products: the role of perfluorination and free hydroxyl groups
AU - Nørgaard, Asger W
AU - Larsen, Søren T.
AU - Hammer, Maria
AU - Poulsen, Steen Seier
AU - Jensen, Keld A
AU - Nielsen, Gunnar D
AU - Wolkoff, Peder
PY - 2010/7/1
Y1 - 2010/7/1
N2 - Exposures to two commercial nanofilm spray products (NFPs), a floor sealant (NFP 1) and a coating product for tiles (NFP 2), were investigated for airway irritation, airway inflammation, and lung damage in a mouse inhalation model. The particle exposure was characterized by particle number, particle size distribution, and gravimetric analysis. BALB/cJ mice were exposed for 60 min to the aerosolized products at 3.3-60 mg/m(3) (10(5)-10(6) fine particles/cm(3)) measured in the breathing zone of the mice. Lung inflammation and lung damage were assessed by study of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytology, protein in BALF, and histology. Mass spectral analysis showed that NFP 1 and NFP 2 contained hydrolysates and condensates of a perfluorosilane and alkylsilane, respectively. NFP 1 induced a concentration-dependent decrease of the tidal volume lasting for at least 1 day. Exposure concentrations above 16.1 mg/m(3) (2.1 x 10(6) fine particles/cm(3)) gave rise to significant increases of protein level in BALF and reduced body weight, and histological examination showed atelectasis, emphysema, and hemorrhages. A narrow interval between the no-effect level (16.1 mg/m(3)) and the lethal concentrations (18.4 mg/m(3)) was observed. The alkylsilane-based product (NFP 2) had no effect at the concentrations studied. Experiments with different types of perfluorinated silanes and alkylsiloxanes showed that the toxic effects did not arise solely from the perfluorination. The number of free hydroxyl groups in the silanes/alkylsiloxanes was also critical for the toxicity.
AB - Exposures to two commercial nanofilm spray products (NFPs), a floor sealant (NFP 1) and a coating product for tiles (NFP 2), were investigated for airway irritation, airway inflammation, and lung damage in a mouse inhalation model. The particle exposure was characterized by particle number, particle size distribution, and gravimetric analysis. BALB/cJ mice were exposed for 60 min to the aerosolized products at 3.3-60 mg/m(3) (10(5)-10(6) fine particles/cm(3)) measured in the breathing zone of the mice. Lung inflammation and lung damage were assessed by study of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytology, protein in BALF, and histology. Mass spectral analysis showed that NFP 1 and NFP 2 contained hydrolysates and condensates of a perfluorosilane and alkylsilane, respectively. NFP 1 induced a concentration-dependent decrease of the tidal volume lasting for at least 1 day. Exposure concentrations above 16.1 mg/m(3) (2.1 x 10(6) fine particles/cm(3)) gave rise to significant increases of protein level in BALF and reduced body weight, and histological examination showed atelectasis, emphysema, and hemorrhages. A narrow interval between the no-effect level (16.1 mg/m(3)) and the lethal concentrations (18.4 mg/m(3)) was observed. The alkylsilane-based product (NFP 2) had no effect at the concentrations studied. Experiments with different types of perfluorinated silanes and alkylsiloxanes showed that the toxic effects did not arise solely from the perfluorination. The number of free hydroxyl groups in the silanes/alkylsiloxanes was also critical for the toxicity.
KW - Animals
KW - Fluorocarbons
KW - Hydroxyl Radical
KW - Inhalation Exposure
KW - Lung
KW - Male
KW - Mice
KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C
KW - Nanoparticles
U2 - 10.1093/toxsci/kfq094
DO - 10.1093/toxsci/kfq094
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 20348230
VL - 116
SP - 216
EP - 224
JO - Toxicological Sciences
JF - Toxicological Sciences
SN - 1096-6080
IS - 1
ER -
ID: 33792625