Fructose stimulates GLP-1 but not GIP secretion in mice, rats, and humans

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articlepeer-review

Nutrients often stimulate gut hormone secretion, but the effects of fructose are incompletely understood. We studied the effects of fructose on a number of gut hormones with particular focus on glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). In healthy humans, fructose intake caused a rise in blood glucose and plasma insulin and GLP-1, albeit to a lower degree than isocaloric glucose. Cholecystokinin secretion was stimulated similarly by both carbohydrates, but neither peptide YY3-36 nor glucagon secretion was affected by either treatment. Remarkably, while glucose potently stimulated GIP release, fructose was without effect. Similar patterns were found in the mouse and rat, with both fructose and glucose stimulating GLP-1 secretion, whereas only glucose caused GIP secretion. In GLUTag cells, a murine cell line used as model for L cells, fructose was metabolized and stimulated GLP-1 secretion dose-dependently (EC50 = 0.155 mM) by ATP-sensitive potassium channel closure and cell depolarization. Because fructose elicits GLP-1 secretion without simultaneous release of glucagonotropic GIP, the pathways underlying fructose-stimulated GLP-1 release might be useful targets for type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity drug development.

Original languageEnglish
JournalAmerican Journal of Physiology: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
Volume306
Issue number7
Pages (from-to)G622-30
Number of pages9
ISSN0193-1857
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Apr 2014

    Research areas

  • Administration, Oral, Adult, Animals, Blood Glucose, Cell Line, Cholecystokinin, Dietary Carbohydrates, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Enteroendocrine Cells, Female, Fructose, Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide, Glucagon, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Humans, Insulin, Intestines, Ion Channel Gating, KATP Channels, Male, Membrane Potentials, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Single-Blind Method, Time Factors, Young Adult

ID: 117852315