Evaluation of the incretin effect in humans using GIP and GLP-1 receptor antagonists
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Evaluation of the incretin effect in humans using GIP and GLP-1 receptor antagonists. / Gasbjerg, Lærke S.; Bergmann, Natasha C.; Stensen, Signe; Christensen, Mikkel B.; Rosenkilde, Mette M.; Holst, Jens J.; Nauck, Michael; Knop, Filip K.
In: Peptides, Vol. 125, 170183, 2020.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review › Research › peer-review
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T1 - Evaluation of the incretin effect in humans using GIP and GLP-1 receptor antagonists
AU - Gasbjerg, Lærke S.
AU - Bergmann, Natasha C.
AU - Stensen, Signe
AU - Christensen, Mikkel B.
AU - Rosenkilde, Mette M.
AU - Holst, Jens J.
AU - Nauck, Michael
AU - Knop, Filip K.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) potentiate glucose-induced insulin secretion and are therefore thought to be responsible for the incretin effect. The magnitude of the incretin effect, defined as the fraction of postprandial insulin secretion stimulated by intestinal factors, has been reported to be up to ∼60% in healthy individuals. In several pathological conditions but especially in patients with type 2 diabetes, the incretin effect is severely reduced or even absent. In line with this, the insulinotropic effects of GIP and GLP-1 are impaired in patients with type 2 diabetes, even when administered in supraphysiological doses. In healthy individuals, GIP has been proposed to be the most important incretin hormone of the two, but the individual contribution of the two is difficult to determine. However, using incretin hormone receptor antagonists: the novel GIP receptor antagonist GIP(3–30)NH2 and the widely used GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin(9–39)NH2, we can now distinguish between the effects of the two hormones. In this review, we present and discuss studies in which the individual contribution of GIP and GLP-1 to the incretin effect in healthy individuals have been estimated and discuss the limitations of using incretin hormone receptor antagonists.
AB - Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) potentiate glucose-induced insulin secretion and are therefore thought to be responsible for the incretin effect. The magnitude of the incretin effect, defined as the fraction of postprandial insulin secretion stimulated by intestinal factors, has been reported to be up to ∼60% in healthy individuals. In several pathological conditions but especially in patients with type 2 diabetes, the incretin effect is severely reduced or even absent. In line with this, the insulinotropic effects of GIP and GLP-1 are impaired in patients with type 2 diabetes, even when administered in supraphysiological doses. In healthy individuals, GIP has been proposed to be the most important incretin hormone of the two, but the individual contribution of the two is difficult to determine. However, using incretin hormone receptor antagonists: the novel GIP receptor antagonist GIP(3–30)NH2 and the widely used GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin(9–39)NH2, we can now distinguish between the effects of the two hormones. In this review, we present and discuss studies in which the individual contribution of GIP and GLP-1 to the incretin effect in healthy individuals have been estimated and discuss the limitations of using incretin hormone receptor antagonists.
U2 - 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.170183
DO - 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.170183
M3 - Review
C2 - 31693916
AN - SCOPUS:85076604503
VL - 125
JO - Peptides
JF - Peptides
SN - 0196-9781
M1 - 170183
ER -
ID: 240313951