TY - JOUR

T1 - Role of fasting duration and weekday in incretin and glucose regulation

AU - Clemmensen, Kim K.B.

AU - Quist, Jonas S.

AU - Vistisen, Dorte

AU - Witte, Daniel R.

AU - Jonsson, Anna

AU - Pedersen, Oluf

AU - Hansen, Torben

AU - Holst, Jens J.

AU - Lauritzen, Torsten

AU - Jørgensen, Marit E.

AU - Torekov, Signe

AU - Færch, Kristine

N1 - Erratum: https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/10/9/EC-20-0009e.xml?body=pdf-10000

PY - 2020

Y1 - 2020

N2 - Fasting duration has been associated with lower fasting blood glucose levels, but higher 2-h post-load levels, and research has indicated an adverse effect of ‘weekend behavior’ on human metabolism. We investigated associations of fasting duration and weekday of examination with glucose, insulin, glucagon and incretin responses to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). This cross-sectional study is based on data from the ADDITION-PRO study, where 2082 individuals attended a health examination including an OGTT. Linear regression analysis was applied to study the associations of overnight fasting duration and day of the week with glucose, insulin, glucagon, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) responses to an OGTT. We found that a 1 h longer fasting duration was associated with 1.7% (95% CI: 0.8,2.5) higher 2-h glucose levels, as well as a 3.0% (95% CI: 1.3,4.7) higher GIP and 2.3% (95% CI: 0.3,4.4) higher GLP-1 response. Fasting insulin levels were 20.6% (95% CI: 11.2,30.7) higher on Mondays compared to the other weekdays, with similar fasting glucose levels (1.7%, 95% CI: 0.0,3.4). In this study, longer overnight fasting duration was associated with a worsening of glucose tolerance and increased incretin response to oral glucose. We found higher fasting insulin levels on Mondays compared to the other days of the week, potentially indicating a worsened glucose regulation after the weekend.

AB - Fasting duration has been associated with lower fasting blood glucose levels, but higher 2-h post-load levels, and research has indicated an adverse effect of ‘weekend behavior’ on human metabolism. We investigated associations of fasting duration and weekday of examination with glucose, insulin, glucagon and incretin responses to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). This cross-sectional study is based on data from the ADDITION-PRO study, where 2082 individuals attended a health examination including an OGTT. Linear regression analysis was applied to study the associations of overnight fasting duration and day of the week with glucose, insulin, glucagon, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) responses to an OGTT. We found that a 1 h longer fasting duration was associated with 1.7% (95% CI: 0.8,2.5) higher 2-h glucose levels, as well as a 3.0% (95% CI: 1.3,4.7) higher GIP and 2.3% (95% CI: 0.3,4.4) higher GLP-1 response. Fasting insulin levels were 20.6% (95% CI: 11.2,30.7) higher on Mondays compared to the other weekdays, with similar fasting glucose levels (1.7%, 95% CI: 0.0,3.4). In this study, longer overnight fasting duration was associated with a worsening of glucose tolerance and increased incretin response to oral glucose. We found higher fasting insulin levels on Mondays compared to the other days of the week, potentially indicating a worsened glucose regulation after the weekend.

KW - Fasting duration

KW - Incretin

KW - Metabolism

KW - Oral glucose tolerance test

KW - Weekday

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85083226983&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1530/EC-20-0009

DO - 10.1530/EC-20-0009

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 32163918

AN - SCOPUS:85083226983

VL - 9

SP - 279

EP - 288

JO - Endocrine Connections

JF - Endocrine Connections

SN - 2049-3614

IS - 4

ER -