TY - JOUR

T1 - Possible mechanisms involved in improved beta cell function in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes

AU - Nalla, Amarnadh

AU - Ringholm, Lene

AU - Sorensen, Susanne Norskov

AU - Damm, Peter

AU - Mathiesen, Elisabeth Reinhardt

AU - Nielsen, Jens Hoiriis

PY - 2020

Y1 - 2020

N2 - Pregnancy is known to be associated with an increased demand for insulin that is normally compensated by an increased beta cell mass and insulin secretion. Recent studies have suggested enhanced beta cell function during pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes (T1D). To explore the possible mechanisms behind enhanced beta cell function during pregnancy in women with T1D we investigated the impact of circulating factors in serum from nine women from each group of pregnant women with and without T1D, after pregnancy and non-diabetic nonpregnant women on rat islet cell proliferation and apoptosis, and on T-lymphocyte activation. In addition, circulating levels of pancreatic hormones and selected cytokines and adipokines were measured. Rat islet cell proliferation was higher in serum from pregnant women with T1D (p <0.05) compared to T1D women after pregnancy. Apoptosis in INS-1E cell was lower (p <0.05) in serum from pregnant women with T1D compared to T1D women after pregnancy. T-lymphocyte cell (Jurkat) proliferation was reduced by serum from pregnant women without T1D only (p <0.05). Higher C-peptide levels and lower levels of ghrelin, IL-6, MCP-1, IL-8 and adipsin were observed in pregnant women with T1D compared to T1D women after pregnancy. In conclusion, the improved beta cell function in women with T1D during pregnancy may be due to lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines and/or higher levels of pregnancy-associated growth factors.

AB - Pregnancy is known to be associated with an increased demand for insulin that is normally compensated by an increased beta cell mass and insulin secretion. Recent studies have suggested enhanced beta cell function during pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes (T1D). To explore the possible mechanisms behind enhanced beta cell function during pregnancy in women with T1D we investigated the impact of circulating factors in serum from nine women from each group of pregnant women with and without T1D, after pregnancy and non-diabetic nonpregnant women on rat islet cell proliferation and apoptosis, and on T-lymphocyte activation. In addition, circulating levels of pancreatic hormones and selected cytokines and adipokines were measured. Rat islet cell proliferation was higher in serum from pregnant women with T1D (p <0.05) compared to T1D women after pregnancy. Apoptosis in INS-1E cell was lower (p <0.05) in serum from pregnant women with T1D compared to T1D women after pregnancy. T-lymphocyte cell (Jurkat) proliferation was reduced by serum from pregnant women without T1D only (p <0.05). Higher C-peptide levels and lower levels of ghrelin, IL-6, MCP-1, IL-8 and adipsin were observed in pregnant women with T1D compared to T1D women after pregnancy. In conclusion, the improved beta cell function in women with T1D during pregnancy may be due to lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines and/or higher levels of pregnancy-associated growth factors.

KW - Physiology

KW - Immunology

KW - Women's health

KW - Reproductive system

KW - Endocrinology

KW - Pregnancy

KW - Type 1 diabetes

KW - Beta cells

KW - T-lymphocyte cell

KW - C-peptide

KW - Cytokines

KW - GROWTH-HORMONE

KW - PLACENTAL-LACTOGEN

KW - PANCREATIC-ISLETS

KW - EXPRESSION

KW - PROLACTIN

KW - RELEASE

KW - ADIPOCYTOKINES

KW - ADIPONECTIN

KW - ACTIVATION

KW - SECRETION

U2 - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04569

DO - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04569

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 32904239

VL - 6

JO - Heliyon

JF - Heliyon

SN - 2405-8440

IS - 8

M1 - 04569

ER -